Bullying Essay

†¢The content area of this text set is English because these books can be used as gateways into writing. The topic is bullying. Bullying is an issue present in every school today whether it be verbal or physical. By reading, discussion, and writing about the books in this text set, the students who are being bullied may realize they are not alone and that there are outlets for their feelings and the students who are the bullies may have the opportunity to step into the victim’s shoes and acknowledge their feelings and struggles. †¢This text set would be beneficial for middle schools students in grades 8 or 9. These texts would work well with any population of students because of their ability to touch every student differently. †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"The purpose of using text sets rather than textbooks, worksheets, and lectures is to support an inquiry model that will spark interest, questions, and engagement; facilitate inter-textual connections; offer information from a var iety of perspectives; and reinforce the interrelatedness of reading writing, speaking, listening, and thinking.† Freedman, Lauren. â€Å"The Way School Should Be: Navigating Learning with Text Sets.† The Way School Should Be: Navigating Learning with Text Sets. Worlds of Words, Web. 12 Nov. 2012. . II. Content Area Text Set †¢Lord of the Flies by William Golding Golding, William. Lord of the Flies. New York: Coward-McCann, 1962. Print. oâ€Å"Lord of the Flies by William Golding is a classic piece which features many examples of bullying. The older boys in the story continuously use the littluns for amusement purposes, torturing and picking on them just because they are smaller. Although this story is an extreme example of bullying in schools, the abuse of power can be easily examined. Similarly, Jack and Ralph constantly experience a power struggle, Ralph using his views of civilization and respect to lead the boys, and Jack who wants to take over and turn the group into savage hunters. The majority of bullying in Lord of the Flies is physical; the boys throw rocks at the littluns, they physically take Piggy’s glasses, and Jack uses torture to gain information.† Billings, Anna. â€Å"Overcoming Bullying.† San Jose State University. 29 Nov. 2011. Web. 12 Nov. 2012. . †¢Speak by Laurie Halse Anderson Anderson, Laurie Halse. Speak. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1999. Print. oâ€Å"Speak by Laurie Halse Anderson is a powerful story in young adult fiction. While the book is witty and easy to read, the themes are mature and realistic and good reading for teenagers. The book handles the topics of rape, the effects of teenage depression, peer pressure, and bullying with sensitivity, but it pulls no punches. It is not the usual coming of age story. Ninth grader Melinda Sordino is raped at an end of summer party by upper classman Andy Evans. Melinda calls the police to get help but when they arrive no one knows about the rape and it appears Melinda just called because there was underage drinking. Unable to give a reason for her actions, her friends ostracize her. This causes Melinda to spiral down into a depression that lasts her entire school year. Because Melinda does not and seemingly cannot speak out, she is subjected to bullying and isolation .† Finnegan, Linda. â€Å"Literary Analysis: Speak, by Laurie Halse Anderson.† Helium. N.p., 10 Aug. 2010. Web. 12 Nov. 2012. . †¢The Chocolate War by Robert Cormier Cormier, Robert. The Chocolate War: A Novel. [New York]: Pantheon, 1974. Print. oâ€Å"The Chocolate War by Robert Cormier comments on peer pressure, nonconformity, bullying and harassment. It provides an opportunity to explore issues related to bullying and harassment that focus on the role of the bystander. Students come to understand the powerful influence bystanders have on decreasing bullying and harassment. They are encouraged to think about and take action to intervene when they witness abuse of this nature. A central question the novel asks is, ‘Should one stand up for others or avoid being involved and suffer inevitable rejection and taunting?’† Stein, Paula. â€Å"A Novel Study: The Chocolate War and Bullying: The Role and Responsibilities of Bystanders.† Wolf Creek Public Schools. The Society for Safe and Caring Schools and Communities. Web. 12 Nov. 2012. . †¢Perks of Being a Wallflower by Stephen Chbosky oâ€Å"Written as a collection of letters from Charlie to an unnamed person, the story touches on various turbulent issues in a young adult’s life. From the beginning, the reader learns that Charlie is dealing with some powerful topics, including the recent suicide of his only friend and a recent spell at a mental facility following the death of his beloved Aunt Helen. Soon after school begins, it becomes apparent Charlie will not be part of the popular clique. Charlie is socially awkward (as are many teens), and his various attempts to participate leave him confused, frustrated, depressed. Luckily, he is adopted by a group of other â€Å"outsiders† who go to see the Rocky Horror Picture Show every Friday, and soon provide a way for Charlie to â€Å"fully participate†, as recommended by his beloved English teacher. Charlie manages to encounter almost every coming of age issue in the span of one school year. A wkwardness, self-doubt, drug and sexual experimentation, abusive relationships, teen pregnancy, bullying, homosexuality, suicide, depression, homophobia, and peer pressure are all part of Charlie’s roller-coaster freshman year. The wide variety of topics covered ensures that most, if not all teen readers will find something that they can relate to.† â€Å"Growing Up Charlie.† Young Adult Literature Reviews. Wikispaces, n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2012. . †¢Staying Fat for Sarah Byrnes by Chris Crutcher Crutcher, Chris. Staying Fat for Sarah Byrnes. New York, NY: Greenwillow, 1993. Print. oâ€Å"Poignant, moving, and deep, Staying Fat for Sarah Byrnes bravely addresses controversial and mature subject matter. Chronic and extreme child abuse is at the heart of this story and horrific instances are detailed. A main character was intentionally burned by her father, who further refused plastic surgery for her in order to make her tough. Public humiliation, extreme bullying, and vengeful pranks all take place. Serious issues such as abortion, suicide, religion, and moral beliefs are debated and discussed in a high school class.† â€Å"Staying Fat for Sarah Byrnes by Chris Crutcher.† StorySnoops Children’s Book Reviews. Web. 12 Nov. 2012. . †¢Dreamland by Sarah Dessen Dessen, Sarah. Dreamland: A Novel. New York: Viking, 2000. Print. oâ€Å"In this riveting novel, Sarah Dessen searches for understanding and answers through the mind of a young girl who suddenly finds herself in a trap of constant menace, a trap that is baited with love and need. More and more she must frantically manage her every action to avoid being hit by the hands that had seemed so gentle. All around Caitlin are women who care—best friends, mother, sister, mentor—but she can confide in none of them, especially not Cass, her brilliant older sister, whose own flight from home had seemed to point the way for Caitlin.† Campbell, Patty. â€Å"Dreamland by Sarah Dessen Reading Guide.† Penguin. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. . †¢Brave New Girl by Louisa Luna Luna, Louisa. Brave New Girl. New York: Pocket, 2001. Print. oâ€Å"A fourteen-year-old trying to find her way in the world, Doreen is as much an outcast at school as she is at home. Marginalized by her peers, misunderstood by her parents, and mourning the loss of her older brother who disappeared when she was just a child, Doreen finds solace in her fierce love of music and in her best friend, Ted. But when her older sister begins dating a bewildering twenty-one-year-old named Matthew, Doreen must confront feelings she never knew she possessed. Forced into adulthood kicking and screaming (not to mention swearing), Doreen ultimately impels her troubled family to forge a new understanding of the world — and, maybe more surprisingly, of one another. High school is bad enough; it’s worse when you have only one friend in the world and a family that just doesn’t get it. This breathless coming-of-age novel explores the alienation o f adolescence and introduces a bold and shimmering new voice in fiction.† â€Å"Brave New Girl.† Amazon.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. . †¢StopBullying.gov oâ€Å"StopBullying.gov provides information from various government agencies on what bullying is, what cyberbullying is, who is at risk, and how you can prevent and respond to bullying.† â€Å"About Us.† StopBullying.gov. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. . oThis website would be a great tool for students to perform a webquest in order to gain more information on bullying. It would be beneficial to begin the unit on bullying by having students research the facts on this site so that students will gain perspective on the issue before reading about it.

Harley Davidson Five Forces Analysis Essay

In our present competitive world in the business where customer preferences are continuously changing, prices of raw materials and cost of labour are increasing and global economy is becoming unstable, it is always been a difficult task for companies to stay and perform business. And these barriers have been a familiar scene in the global business. That is why for most companies in order to overcome such of these difficult challenges, innovativeness and the desire to be very critical and most anticipative of the changes in the industry and the whole global economy is highly necessary. Just like for Harley Davidson as the main focus of this study, even though the company currently established itself for being the highly rated motorcycle brand in the world, it is still not enough for the company to be relaxed and feel that they can be profitable and enticing to the market as years goes on. That is why in this paper it will directly focus on how do Harley Davidson’s competitors are doing at the present, what are some of the strategies that they do to compete. With this information about the competitors, how does this information be used by the company in terms of opportunities for them to use it as a strategy against them? Also, making use of this information to handle future threats as well, this is in order for them to anticipate and provide some immediate actions. In the second part of this paper, it will focus on how the company can apply Porter’s five forces tool in order to continually achieve competitive advantage over its competitors. Also at the second part of this study it will discuss on how motorcycle companies like Harley Davidson, can still earn above average return even though the company falls at the high-end market with more on the luxurious and recreation side and not as necessity for customers. Also, with that, what are the actors or contributors that will lead to that conclusion or will help attain that goal? Study of Harley Davidson’s Major Competitors As the pioneer and one of the oldest known brands in the motorcycle industry in the world, Harley Owners Group has been in the industry since 1983 and due to its growing influence worldwide, it already has over 1,000 chapters and over a million members worldwide. But, not all of its members own a bike; it is only the prestige and respect about the Harley machines that made them decide to be a member. As one of the strength of the company, it has been continually establish its brand as the number one brand in the world, with over 5 billion USD annual revenue annually. In terms of its competitors, the company’s main competitors, most specially in terms of design are the following: BMW, Victory, Honda, Suzuki and Yamaha, but among these lists, Honda has become the closest and toughest competitor of Harley Davidson’s motorcycles. (Harley Davidson Motorcycle, n. d. ). With the company’s main focus on design, quality and most specially durability, it continuously has been in the forefront of the high-end and luxurious motorcycle business in the world. That is also why 80% of the total revenue of the company comes from motorcycle sales. With regards to the company’s competitor, even though the company clearly dominates the American market as its origin, which has registered in the 2006 market share, the company has eaten up half of the market or 50% while far second and third are Honda and Suzuki with 15. 1% and 12. 9% respectively. But the question now is not just the American market but instead what this paper is focusing is what the competitors are doing in the global scene. Which is actually smaller, like for Canadian market, it drops to 38. 4% still relatively high, but what is more alarming and needs to be focus on by the company is on the European market which is only 10. 2%, but still the company has a noticeably high market share globally as it generates at an average of 33%. And this is more alarming because it will also follows that the company’s net revenue growth also shows very small in other major regions in the world. With this event, it is necessary for the company that it needs to strengthen its presence in these main regional markets, because in the long run, it will be a problem that the company needs to focus on. The two main reasons why these competitors starting to entice substantial number of customers are: (1) they have greater financial resources, like Honda and Suzuki, with their global presence, they have enough financial support in every region that they operate. Meaning to say these companies knows that they know how to make use of their money in enticing potential customers and retaining current customers as well and they can even compete with price and that will soon be a serious problem with Harley Davidson, since the competition is on how to innovate with technologically funded studies that will still provide quality as well as make the product still not that so expensive. Lastly, (2) these companies, like Honda and Suzuki are obviously more diverse than Harley Davidson; they sell a lot of products with a lot of brands and choices that customers can choose, from cars, to simple scooters up to high-end luxurious brands of motorbikes and not only that with wide variety of choices to choose from. This is another serious problem by the company in the long run, since these competitors knows how they can be well-trusted by the customers and if you made such products with quality in all of it, it will be a positive sign for these companies and that will create problem for the company. With these two main reasons, Harley Davidson needs to formulate a strategy that will address these problems in order not to further add problem in the future and also not to wait until the company’s edge in the global market be removed or at least be reduced. Also, based on this study, the company must also look forward in addressing these issues while they are still room to operate due to its continuing edge in the global market. (Harley Davidson (HOG), n. d. ). In the second part of this paper, the main focus is on how the company can effectively apply Porter’s fiver forces model in attaining competitive advantage. The five forces of Porter’s method that are popularly applied by companies are: (1) Potential entrants, (2) Buyers, (3) Substitutes, (4) Suppliers, and (5) Industry competitors. In each of these five forces, there is an important factor that contributes to the success or failure of each forces and this will be discussed separately as to how the company can effectively apply it. In the entry barrier, where it mainly focus on the potential entry of new products or brands, the company must continue to be very pro-active in this part as the competitors are becoming very aggressive in this area. What Harley Davidson should do is to increase the customer awareness of their motorcycle brand in some of the regions that they are starting to have a very low market share like in the European and Asian market. Studying cost advantage and relatively access to distribution are two of the most important focus that the company should do. Also, can be added to that is to have an in-dept study on the Government policies which might be the effect of low market share, because the territories that the company operates must also need to be well represented and not just putting up a business. In the rivalry determinants, which mainly focus on both the industry competitors and new entrant forces, the company should be mainly focus as usual on how they can have advantage over its competitors by not only anticipating future challenges and innovation that their competitors may bring but also be able to establish a well defined marketing and research and development study that will help the company confident enough in dealing with the market.  particularly, the factors that it needs to focus are: industry growth, always look on the potentials in the business and be first in formulating it to the market, product differences, at this point, which is already been the strength of the company, but still needs to do more and that is innovativeness where it also been the main focus of its competitors. The company must look on how they can provide its clients new and very attractive designs, but it should also have to look on the cost side as well. And lastly, is switching costs, for any company there should also be some intelligent cost study on how the company can still be appreciated by the customers and these can either come from service and parts and of course these should be well accompanied with excellent service and availability of parts which is also a big factor during actual competition. In the side of threat, what the company should look closely on how the innovative trend and pricing strategy trend that competitors is doing. Most of the time these is what is being target to Harley Davidson, since it has been recognized as a very expensive brand and at the same time more on respecting traditional design, competitors compete through these factors. So, what the company needs is that they have to anticipate these by introducing new and innovative styles and at the same time study some possibilities of offering some not so high cost brands which may also give additional leverage for the company. Another important study and important advantage of Porter’s Five Forces is supplier power, in this side it is also important for the company not only to look for the most efficient supplier but also study closely in terms of cost. Harley Davidson must be careful in forming up agreement with suppliers. Like they can have global partnership with some suppliers, most specially if some of these suppliers are proven that they serve the company well. This reduces the cost by having different suppliers in the different regions. That is why there are two ways that the company may apply: (1) the company must carefully look into suppliers that are effectively performing for the company, if there is, Harley Davidson must look into how they can formulate a global partnership in order to lessen the cost. And lastly (2) the company must also re-visit some suppliers that are not performing well and be able to replace it or make some better arrangement on how the company as well as the partner can have a more favourable output. Lastly, in terms of buyer concern, where two of the important force involved, buyers and competitors. At this point these are the greatest challenges that the company must look at since the competitors are very aggressive in this area, most specially in the price sensitivity and not much on the bargaining leverage. Price is always a problem with the company, since it continuously in the high-end brands. What the company should do is on how they can study on introducing brands that may target other markets which will still not compromise quality and cost. In the bargaining leverage, the company must look on how they can provide some better offers for some big markets, like in terms of wholesalers. Lastly, with regards to the question how can motorcycle companies like Harley Davidson, where its business falls more on luxurious and recreation brand of products which also targets high-end markets, which the question is on how they can continue to earn above average returns. It is obvious that for company like Harley Davidson, they have to focus more on how to deal with innovations is one aspect that they need to do. By strengthening its research and development and the usual attention to customer needs and preference is the key to continually achieve above average returns. Most specially the latter where still it is considered as the most important factor in the business. The main actors or contributors that needs to work on this one in order for it to materialize are the following: (1) Company’s human resources, which means that it should continually strengthen the technical expertise of the company, and lastly, (2) is to build partnership with some of the global and most recognized industries or companies which is what is lacking with Harley Davidson. People expertise and partnership through reliable and very influential companies are very important to the success of company’s these days. That is why with the help of the management team and its top executives, they need to recognized it as the main key to continually have a better return in the business. Conclusion In this study, it shows that for any company to survive in this very competitive world of business, company’s needs to be sensitive enough in understanding the competition and on how they can overcome it. In this paper it shows that even company like Harley Davidson, who still has substantial edge in the market, it still needs to be aggressive and continue to study on how they can attain competitive advantage. Like what resulted in this study that even though the company seems to have control in the American market, competitors are however starting to focus on targeting on market outside the American region, which shows that the company starting to slow down and competitors like Honda and Suzuki are rising up. This also resulted that due to financial capabilities and diverse status of these competitors which starting to give problem to Harley Davidson. That is why the company must look on these growing advantages and be able to formulate a strategy that can offset it. In the second part of this paper, it also shows that in order for the company to be aggressive and effectively achieve competitiveness, Porter’s five forces has been presented and for each forces, there are important discussions on how the company can apply it effectively and efficiently.

A Study of Luxury Fashion Brand Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A Study of Luxury Fashion Brand - Essay Example The paper "A Study of Luxury Fashion Brand" analyzes the influence of social media marketing on brand loyalty and purchase intention of Chinese youth fashion customers. Social media is one of the most emerging marketing medium in the global business scenario. Recently, such marketing mediums are used highly used by the firms in order to attract customers from different economic and demographic segments. Social media portals are using Web 2.0 base, which offers higher interaction among the potential customers. According to DeLuca (2011), social media is highly used in the Chinese regions. It has been observed that out of 1367 million Chinese populations, 642 million peoples are using internet actively and 629 million peoples are having active social media accounts. In addition, it has been observed that 506 million people are having active mobile social accounts (Das, 2014). It has been observed that Chinese people are using social media like Qzone, Tencent Weibo, Sina Weibo, Peng you and Renren. Therefore, it can be said that luxury fashion retailers will share the features of clothing products, pricing information, store information, product range and collecting feedbacks from the customers. Denk (2010) stated that customers purchasing intention varies for different factors like shopping orientation, product interest, product types, experience of the previous purchase, and trust on the particular products. Such traits are observed in luxury fashion retail brand’s purchase intension.

Existentialism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Existentialism - Essay Example Tragic Sense of Life by Miguel de Unamuno is a philosophical work that borders on the doctrines of existentialism. The author believes the philosophy of life should be based on the experiences of a person. This suggests there is a need to cultivate one’s personality and character as espoused in the writings. On that account, the author considers himself a man of contradiction because while he values the sense of individuality, he also supports the existence of God. This is in support of the creation theory and the primitivism of man to rely on a nature and consciousness (Unamuno 159). Additionally, he views himself as a man of contradiction because he supports both aspects of individuality and religious fanaticism towards a deity called God. Therefore, the contradictory, opposing elements in this case entail indoctrination of man toward nature and alienation toward God. Furthermore, it is important to prove the existence of God if one has to understand the being of God. Those philosophical elements are contradictory in terms of disputing the existence of God and the use of faith and reason to evaluate matters. There are also many rational reasons why he feels the opposition is the source of his life’s unity. For example, the unity of man emanates for the deep belief in a god that is in control of both humanity and nature (Unamuno 158). Similarly, there are guiding principles of faith and the reason that influence the choice of an individual in terms domination over personality and character. That is why it is a paradox that Miguel de Unamuno has total belief in the intricacies of the universe. In the same context, the paradoxical contradiction is because the divinity of man and human consciousness is not in harmony with nature. Alternatively, the feelings of God and external consciousness conflicts with the moral logic of a common man in terms of sustenance. The statement ‘we think because we live’ has several meanings according to th e context it is used the book. First, he begins by castigating the primitive man for overreliance in the forces that surround him such as nature and other fellow men. This suggests that both animate and inanimate things appeals to man without any reason or faith in the choice. That is why according to Miguel, humanity structures their lives depending on the given existence (Unamuno 152). Alternatively, the possession of the consciousness of nature ensures man does not break away from the confines of nature. In other words, divinity is not associated with rationale because there are objective and subjective point of views. This suggests that the decisions of man in the universe are guided by a supernatural being with divine powers. In other words, the thoughts and existence of man are controlled by one God. That is why ‘we think because we live.’ There are various relationships between theory, and practice (the practice of living) and it relates to action. In terms of th eory, there is the inherent attachment of the primitive man to both nature and fellow human being. On the other hand, in practice, man still possesses the consciousnesses of faith rather reason in the belief of a deity who is in control of the universe. This means the acceptance of a divinity is paramount in order to accept the infinite powers of God. Another fundamental relationship involves the humanization of God in order to counter paganism (Unamuno 161). In other words, it helps in

The Competencies That Are Required By Consultants In Order To Ensure Essay

The Competencies That Are Required By Consultants In Order To Ensure an Efficient Consulting Practice - Essay Example This paper illustrates that the work of the management consultant is to help the client organization to recognize the management problems, analyze the problems and provide solutions to the problems. The role of the consultants has become extremely important in contemporary times to deal with critical issues faced by the organizations. The client organization often requires the skill and expertise to deal with the critical issues faced by the organization. Researchers have established that there is a link between organizational performance and organizational characteristic and both of these are influenced by a reverse relationship. It can be argued that the organizational characteristics can also have an influence on the consulting performance. According to the views of Lundberg, the competence of an individual is a set of appropriate behavior which acts as a framework for identifying, evaluating and developing an individual’s behavior. Researchers have found out that competenc e is actually a combination of skills, knowledge, and behavior that helps in improving the performance of an organization. According to Sandberg, people who perform their responsibilities more competently than others can be argued to have the finer set of attributes. Therefore it can be argued that the competence of the management consultant is a crucial factor that influences consulting performance. The existing literature identifies that there are a set of competencies that are important for consultants. There are ten domains of competencies that have been identified namely enterprising, confidence, management, influence, facilitation, consideration, analytics, performance, organizing behavior, resilience and enterprising nature. Each of these domains has a number of characteristics under them like independence, adaptability, planning, quality orientation, problem-solving approach, conceptualizing vision and customer orientation to name a few.

Marketing plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marketing plan - Essay Example This is because Carl’s Jr. was selling the same type of hamburgers but at half the price. Others offer that the accompaniments that were served with the hamburger, mustard/mayo sauce on potato roll to be specific resulted to the failure. The mega campaign which failed was also partially blamed for the product failure as it targeted the adult population only. Still, some customers offer that the high calorie in the burger was the reason behind the product failure to capture the market. Background McDonalds is undoubtedly one of the fastest growing companies in the fast food industry, which is dominated by a host of players. Some of these players include Carl’s Jr, Burger King, KFC, and Pizza hut. These competitors pose a threat to McDonalds as they have conduced to the decrease in profits. This is because of the alternative products that these competitors continue to offer to the customers. McDonalds is a franchise of many companies with only 19% owed by the company. The company has over 33000 restaurants spread across the globe, serving close to 58 million customers. The company also has dozens of branches situated in 119 countries. McDonalds collected an average of $22,744,700 million in revenues from its global branches in 2009 with operating profits standing at $ 6,841000 million. Market Analysis Analysts predict that the fast food industry is growing at a first rate as customers’ demands for fresh quickly served meals surges. One of the dominant key players in this market is the McDonalds. The company is currently at its maturity level in the product life cycle. However, the fast food market faces constant decrement because of factors such as limited expansion sites, increasing operation costs, and market saturation. Vivid competition in the market has led to production promotion techniques such as price cuts, which have resulted to a diminution in profitability in the industry. Normal Forecast Most of the products that fail to capture the attention of customers in the market are not always inferior. In order for a company to succeed in launching a product, management has to undertake an in-depth research on the market. Through such an initiative, the organization can come up with creative ideas on the areas of packaging, market communication, and pricing. All these activities are facilitated through brainstorming with all the departments in the organization. Failure to consult will result to the release of uncompetitive products in terms of price, packaging, and market communication, into the market. The same applied to McDonald’s Arch Deluxe, which despite massive campaign, failed to sustain the market forces. As mentioned above, some of the reasons were high market price, mega campaign fail and poor market presentation. The other reason behind product failure is intensive competition. When many producers offer the same product to the market, the resultant effect will be edacious competition, where only t he superior products in price, packaging and advertising, end-up being selected by the customer. A good example is Carl’s Jr., which blocked the entry of McDonald’s Arch Deluxe. According to Brand marketing (2006, p. 3), Jack Greenberg McDonalds’ CEO, on an interview with the Financial Times consented that the company spent too much time deciding on when to launch the product. Most of the company’s marketing and branding decisions are made at the headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois. As such, the

Physiology Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Physiology - Research Proposal Example Study also shows that with its faster economic growth, Asia has become the epicenter of the disease. According to Struijs et al. (2006), the causes that have been found to cause diabetes are; lower physical activity, poor nutrition, obesity, high alcohol intake and a higher intake of carbohydrates that have been refined. Another cause of diabetes that has been widely used and brought contradictions is that diabetes is genetically transmitted. Lindsay (2012) points out that diabetes can be prevented through modifications in lifestyle and change in diet. It is from this basis that this paper seeks to find out the main causes behind diabetes. Research questions From this background, the paper wishes to answer the following research questions; what are the major causes of diabetes? Can genetic background increase the vulnerability of one towards the disease? Answering these questions will be of great significance in helping limit the contradictions that underlie the disease. The hypothes es that will be used to test the results are; one’s lifestyle is the major cause of diabetes and that the genetic make-up of an individual accelerates the rate at which one gets the disease. Methods To test the above hypothesis, the study will use the stem cell experiment and laboratory tests on beta cells which are the source of insulin. This will be done in order to determine whether the differences in the level of insulin contribute to diabetes. From the cells, hormonal differences can also be established among blood related respondents in order to determine their vulnerability to the disease. The study aims to examine the differences that exist in the insulin levels between the affected people and those that are not affected. The Cells can also be used to do a DNA analysis in order to bring out the physiological make-up of the respondents clearly. In order to establish whether there is a genetic relation, the study will use individuals who have close blood relations. The hypotheses will be tested differently by using two different studies. The research will comprise of ten respondents with a blood relations in order to come up with accurate results. It will also comprise of 5 laboratory technicians who will be helpful in coming up with accurate analysis of the results. Cell samples will be taken from the respondents and be examined in the laboratory and therefore the results will be collected from the laboratory after the analysis has been done. Another study will be carried on the same respondents in order to identify the differences in lifestyles. Their cells can also be used to show their nutritional differences which will be an indication of lifestyles. In order to come up with effective results, the research will also involve some interview questions in order to determine how the respondents live and what their nutrition is made of. To gauge the genetic differences, the study will measure the insulin levels and also the rate at which the respon dents feed. To come up with objective results, the study will use equal number of respondents in that 5 of them will be male while the other 5 will be female. This is essential in order to establish the genetic differences in male and female in order not to misunderstand the results. Results that can be obtained from such study may be that poor nutrition contributes to diabetes and that people with high eating rates and less physical activity are more likely to be

SPECIAL REPORT Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

SPECIAL REPORT - Coursework Example The following are the traffic control strategies that have been put in place in Miami for the special event this year. The police should implement plans to educate road users in future on how to use roads during special events to avoid closure of roads, which is expensive and costly to both the police department in terms of labor needed to control traffic and to the residents in terms of time wasted in a crowded road. The police have issued guidelines and regulations that are going to ensure order during the major events at Miami Beach. According to Miami Beach Police Chief, the police analyzed the previous events and came up with a strategy to ensure a safe environment. The strategy will include directive orders to arrest people who are going to disrupt tranquility in Miami Beach. The police chief has said that the Police are hoping to avoid problems during this season by arresting people who are going to cause disturbance. According to Miami Beach’s police union the order, this weekend is for â€Å"patrol officers will need to meet an arrest quota of 2,000 arrests.†This number is two times the record of a thousand set in the previous years. In my opinion, this strategy is good except that the police should only make arrests to the offenders and not simply as a matter of meeting their target of 2,000 arrests. In my opinion, the police department has put in place extra measures which are different from the previous years and this is because of the increasing number of visitors that keep coming to Miami Beach each year. In previous years, the number of policy officers that were on the patrol was not as much as this year, and this is because of the increasing incidences of visitors who caused disturbance in the area. Similarly, the police have not been closing as many roads as it plans to close during this season. In my opinion, the police department should include the residents of Miami Beach to police the region during high season when

Crime , justice, society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Crime , justice, society - Essay Example nd promotion of the fundamental freedoms of all people, the human society will be no different from the Animal Kingdom where there is the survival of the fittest.2 One way of bringing equality to the practice of individual freedoms is through the enactment of laws and the running of the criminal system, which defines punishment for people for various offences committed. As much as the criminal system is important in defending the defenceless and ensuring that there is greater level of fairness in society, it cannot be said to be faultless. Recently, attention has been drawn to the limitation of the criminal justice system, particularly when it comes to the issue of miscarriage of justice.3 This is because whiles trying to enforce enacted laws, there have been cases where people who do not deserve punishment and prosecution have unduly received these. With this situation in the criminal justice system recognised and acknowledged, there have been different interventions that have been taken to solving it. In this paper, two major interventions namely the criminal appeal system and the criminal cases review commission are critically assessed in the context of how best they help in solving the problem of miscarriage of justice in England and Wales. The Criminal Appeal System in the U.K is directly vested in the roles and procedures of Her Majesty’s Court of Appeal in England and mandated under the Criminal Appeal Act 1995. As the name implies, the criminal appeal system is in place to ensure that people who have issues with the passage of judgement in other lower courts will have the opportunity of appealing their judgements. In the U.K., there is so much prominence placed on the criminal appeal system such that the Her Majesty’s Court of Appeal is made to come only second to the Supreme Court of the U.K. The Appeal Court and for that matter the criminal appeal system has been in place since 1875 with the purpose of ensuring that no one falls out on the need to

The African-American Artists Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The African-American Artists - Essay Example I firmly believe that the success of a song or musical composition does not entirely depend on the ethnic, racial or cultural background and orientation of the artist. Other factors contribute to the success of a musical composition, including the integrated components of musical elements such as the harmony, pitch, lyrics, melody, and rhythm, among others. Music, interpreted by a particular artist, regardless of race or other personal differences in gender or age, would have found equal success with the right timing, right musical score, choice of instruments, vocals and the expressive interpretation of the artist that elicited the appropriate appeal of the target audience. There are different instances when songs have been initially recorded by one artist and have been interpreted by another. For instance, the song of Josh Groban entitled â€Å"You Raise Me Up† was popularly known to have been recorded by various artists even before it rose to fame when Josh Groban recorded and sang it. The reasons why there are versions that generated significant popularity and success more than others who previously recorded them could range from the timing of these songs being recorded which perfectly match the sentiments and appeals of the audience; the personality of the singer or artist who sang and interpreted the song (where it could be observed that there are a particular appeal and charisma that was exemplified – more than what the other artists who previously recorded them delivered); the strategies used for promoting the songs; and there could be some changes in some musical elements, like the tempo, rhythm, and musical instruments or accompan ying background that made a particular musical interpretation more successful than others.

School Life Essay Example for Free

School Life Essay Then BOOM my alarm clock goes off to wake my brother and I up to get ready for school, but this was all put to the side by our mother coming in to the room telling us that she would have to work a few extra hours. Wake your but up! Is what I yelled to my brother as I had always did he consistently showed himself to be the lazy one who would just breeze through life without a care in the world. He replied back with the bad morning breath, â€Å"Leave, me, alone its only 6:30 school doesn’t start until 7:30. Me as usual I got up pulled him out of bed until he hit the floor then started my routine to get ready for the day’s events. Oh yeah my name is Gerard by the way. I carried myself across the dimly lit hall towards the bathroom. As I flicked on the light switch, I first noticed this hair pick still stuck in the side of my head. I immediately grabbed it and started to fix my hair. As I stand in front of the mirror looking back at my own reflection, wondering why, does school start this early in the morning, I grabbed the toothbrush and toothpaste and began to a make it happen. My brother’s name is Joel, and he could care less of his appearance, because he always thought that he was God’s gift to the ladies. Most of his attire consisted of whatever he felt like grabbing out of the closet or the first thing he could get his hands on. He didn’t care if he was all wrinkled, his excuse was that they’ll be gone throughout the day plus now one would notice them anyway because that’s how he rolled. You would have thought that he just came from summer camp playing rugby with a few of his friends before school started. As he came into the bathroom besides me to wash up and get ready, I could always here him saying thanks for getting me up too, knowing that being the older sibling I couldn’t just let him be late for school besides our mother would have killed me. As I look at the clock I notice that we are right on schedule, its 7:00 and time to wake my sister Latoya, she’s in middle school and does not experience the rush that my brother and I go thru being that the two of us share a room and sometimes wrestle to get around to what we need to be done. The time is now 7:10, and it’s time for us to leave the house headed for school since we live only a quarter of a mile away from the school we can pretty much toss a couple of rocks a few times and we’re there. The only downside is that sometimes we get too complacent living so close to the school that we end up thinking there’s more time and end up cutting it close to getting to class on time or worse being late and end up with detention. As we get to school they are still selling breakfast its usually something simple like garlic cheesy bread or the cinnamon sugar rolls that are so delicious. But we cannot stand in line and enjoy them today because the first school bell rings and that signifies things need to get closed out and you need to put your thinking caps on. As we exited the cafeteria it was 7:25 and the start of the school day and the final bell rings at 1:50. Joel and I always knew that we would see each other at our lunch period odd as it seems I was a senior and he was a sophomore, but hey, that’s how the schedules came out. We couldn’t control the outcomes of what we wanted to do we could always find some sort of time to throw a wise crack at one another.

The Imperial Presidency in 20the century United States Essay Example for Free

The Imperial Presidency in 20the century United States Essay The term Imperial Presidency is a contemporary description of the United States Presidency that started in the 1960s. The term inspired historian Arthur M. Schlesinger, jr. to write a book with a similar title in 1973. The term and the book were grounded on the same motives, primarily is for the rising issue regarding the presidents political outrage, the second is the presidents violation of the constitution in terms of power limitations. The presidency is dubbed as imperial if ever a particular president exercises power beyond what is written and allowed by the constitution. The responsibility of the president to the congress, supreme court, the media and the citizens have been modified slowly through the years. Hence, what is seen to be in a standard context is antithetic to what was originally legislated. The twentieth century was the advent of drastic change in American Presidency and history. This became more concrete upon Theodore Roosevelts deployment of forces to the Caribbean Islands subsequently establishing a new form of government with the absence of the congress blessing. The occupation was covered countries such as Cuba, Dominican Republic, Colombia, Honduras and Panama. The year 1927 saw another unconstitutional practice of the presidency when then U. S president Calvin Coolidge dispatched 5000 soldiers for another occupation in the country of Nicaragua. Coolidge was deemed as a rigid constructionist when it comes to other concerns. Franklin Roosevelts entrancing presidency in the midst of the Great Depression and the second World War paved the way for some major changes in the position. The rise of electronic media, the establishment of new agencies as part of the administrations platform, a diverse group of advisors and the Executive Office of the President gave life to the new context of presidency, thus, creating a huge transmutation. In 1939, President Roosevelts declaration of the limited national emergency gained him additional powers. A couple of years later, Roosevelt then affirmed that America was in a state of unlimited national emergency, which obviously earned him more authority. The two declarations gave the president the privilege to prehend property, organize and control means of production, initiate martial law, control over transportation and communication as well as institute totalitarian will over private endeavor and the populace. The end of World War II continuously gave president Harry Truman major influences, thus, unconstitutionally manipulating the congress once again by the exaggeration on the aid requirements of Greece and Turkey in his Truman Doctrine. 1950 saw the congress was again taken for granted when president Truman sent U. S forces to participate in the Korean War. Truman was frightened by the national scale revolt of the steel industry. He believed that such revolt may result to a disability of the military to fight in the Korean War. He decreed that the steel companies be controlled by the secretary of commerce, again without the permission of the congress. This act was contested by the supreme court, stating that the president was unconstitutional and the Commander-in-Chief authority of the president does not apply on domestic concerns. The Truman administration drafted additional presidential treaties which provided more authority to the president and diminished the congress sovereignty, which included intervention of international affairs. In the 1960s, the Johnson government upholded the trashing of the congress by sending soldiers to the Dominican Republic and Vietnam. The Vietnam war only tallied death tolls equal to that of the Civil and World Wars. The Tonkin Gulf Resolution saw the transfer of military powers from the congress to the president. The succeeding decade bequeathed no change on the superiority complex of a United States President as Richard Nixon as the bloodbath in Vietnam continued. Nixons rule also dug the private lives of the Americans through espionage and intelligence which led to his overthrow. The invasion of Panama under Bush command offered more maltreatment to the congress as well as the Gulf war in the 90s. His successor Bill Clinton only practiced imperialism through the affair with Whitehouse intern Monica Lewinsky. Current president George W. Bush implemented Imperial Presidency by waging war with Iraq and Afghanistan. Works Cited Schlesinger, Arthur M. , Jr. , The Imperial Presidency. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1973 Rudalevige, Andrew. . The New Imperial Presidency: Renewing Presidential Power after Watergate Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2005. Wolfensberger, Donald R. â€Å"The Return of the Imperial Presidency? † Wilson Quarterly. 26:2 (2002) p. 37 Stolberg, Sheryl Gay and Jeff Zeleny, Bush Vetoes Bill Tying Iraq Fund to Exit New York Times, 1 May, 2007 Barilleaux, Ryan J. and Mary E. Stuckey. Leadership and the Bush Presidency: Prudence or Drift in an Era of Change. New York: Praeger. 1992. Feingold, Henry M. The Politics of Rescue: The Roosevelt Administration and the Holocaust, 1938–1945. New Jersey: New Brunswick, 1970 Bernstein, Barton J. (1970). Politics and Policies of the Truman Administration, Second edition, Ed. Franklin Watts

Evolution Of Coffee Culture In United States

Evolution Of Coffee Culture In United States Introduction O Coffee! Thou dost dispel all care, thou are the object of desire to the scholar. This is the beverage of the friends of God. In Praise of Coffee, Arabic Poem (1511). Everyone knows what a coffee is. Especially since coffee became a essential drink in everyday for most of the people in the world. Nowadays when we walk down any street, we see at least two or more coffee shops with full of people drinking coffee. Since I was very little, I always wondered, how coffee made and how it become the coffee business became one of the most valuable commodity industry in the world. When you search it, you find that this commodity we call coffee is a basicly a berry containing seeds. Yet coffee is the second most valuable exported legal commodity on earth (after oil of course), providing worlds most widely taken psychoactive drug. Coffee provides a livelihood for over twenty million humans beings around the world. It is an incredibly labor-intensive crop, with all but very small percentage requiring the individual human hand. The irony of the coffee industry is that the vast majority of those who perfom repetitive tasks work in the most beautiful places on earth, with tropical volcanic peaks as backdrop in a climate thtat have a temperature of 27  °C but these laborers earn an evarage of 3 dollars a day. The coffee they prepare travels halfway around the world and lands on breakfast tables, officer and cafes of the England, Germany, United States and and other developed countries, where these cosmopolitan consumers pay half a days Third World countries wages for a good cup of coffee. People who make money from coffee doesnt stop in just producing. There are also the exporters, importarts, amd roasters. There are the expert slurping, savoring, and spitting coffee. There are the retailers, the vending machine suppliers, the marketers, the advertising copyrighters, the consultants. This is why it is the second most valuable commodity on earth because they are many opportunities to earn money just from a sack of coffee beans. Beginning as a medicinal drink for the elite group of people, coffee became the favored modern stimulant of worker during their break, the gossip starter in kitchens. Coffeehouses have provided places to plan revolutions, write poetry, do business and meet friends. For example United Statess first black presidents inaugural speech was written by a young man, age 27, in a Starbucks. Without noticing, he wrote a historical speech, which will probably be analysed in future,was written in a common coffeehouse. Around the world we are currently witbessing a coffee revival as miniroasters revive the art of coffee blending and customers rediscover the josy of fresh-roasted, fresh brewed coffee made from the best beans in the world. Coffee has assumed a social meaning that goes far beyond the simple black brew in a cup. The worldwide coffee culture is more than a culture-it is psychological addiction. There are newsgroup on the subject, along with countless number of sites on World Wide Web, and Starbucks outles populate every street corner, fighting for space with other coffeehouses and chains. And after all is said and done, its just a bag of berry from an Ethiopian shrub. This essay is about the coffee culture and its effect in United States. Coffee is a term used to describe a social atmosphere that depends heavily upon coffee shops, espressoin particular, to act as a social lubricant. It is a common tradition in American culture to spend their time in coffeeshops. I will explain the impacts of coffee and its culture in American people and media. History of Coffee Coffee makes us severe, and grave and philosophical Jonathan Swift, 1722 Possibly the cradle of mankind, now called Ethiopia, is the birthplace of coffee. Situated at the conjunction of the African and Arab worlds known as the Horn of Africa, the mountainous country has a biblical quality. There are lots of story of how coffee discovered with different perspectives thus we do not know exactly when or by whom coffee discovered. Between the various Ethiopian and Arab legends, the most appealing story involves dancing goats. A goatherd named Kaldi loved following the wandering paths made by his goats as they combed the mountainsides for food. His job didnt require him to do much, so he was free to make up songs and to play his pipe. In the late afternoon, when he blew a special, piercing note, his goats scampered from their browsing in the forest to follow him back home. One afternoon, however, the goats did not come. Kaldi blew his pipe again. Still no goats. Puzzled, the boy climbed higher, listening for them. Finally he heard bleating in the distance. Running around the corner of a narrow trail, Kaldi suddenly came upons the goats. Under the thich rain forest canopy, which allowed the sun to sift through in suddent bright splotches, the goats were running about, butting one another, dancing on their hind legs, and bleating excitedly. As he watched, one goat after another chewed doff the glossy green leaves and red berries of a tree he had never seen before. The goats refured to come home with hià ¶ until hours later. The next day, they ran directly back to the same grove and repeated the performance. This time Kaldi decided it was safe to him to join them. First, he chewed on a few leaves. They tasted bitter. As he masticated them, however, he experienced a slow tingle, mocing from his tongue down into his gut, expanding to his entire body. Next he tried the berries. The fruit was midly sweet, and the seed that popped out were covered with a thich, tasty mucilage. Finally, he chewed the seeds themselves. Soon, according to legend, Kaldi was dancing and playing with his goats. He felt that he would never be tired or grouchy again. Kaldi told his father about the magical tree, the word spread, and soon coffee became an integral part of Ethiopian culture. By the time Rhazes, an Arabian physican, first mentioned coffee in print in the tenth century, it probably had been deliberately cultivated for hundred of years. It is likely that, as in the legend, the beans and leaves of bunn, as coffee was called, at first were simply chewed, but the inventive Ethiopians quickly graduated to more palatable ways of getting their caffeine fix. Probably in the sixteenth century, someone roasted the beans, ground them and made a infusion. Coffee as we know it came into being. Once the Ethiopians discovered coffee it was only a matter of time until the drink spead through trade with the Arabs across the narrow band of Red sea. The Arabs took to the stimulating drink. They began culvivating the trees, complete wit irrigation ditches calling it qahwa, an Arab word for wine-from which the name coffee derives. At first the Arab monks adopted coffee as a drink that would allow them to stay awake for midnight prayers more easily.While coffee was considered a medicine or religious aid, it soon enough slipped into everyday use. As the drink gained popularity throughout the sixteenth century, it also gained its reputation as a troublemaking social brew. Many rulers decided that people were having too much fun in coffeehouses. In the end rulers and religious leaders denounced coffee during this century. But these bans didnt took long. Coffee provided an intellectual stimulant, a pleasant way to feel increased energy without any apparent ill effect. Coffeehouses basicly allowed people to get together for conversation, entertainment, and business, inspiring agreements, poetry, and irrevenrence in equal measure. So important did the brew become in Turkey that a lack of sufficient coffee provided grounds for a woman to seek a divorce. The Ottoman Turks occupied Yemen in 1536, and soon afterward coffee bean became an important export throughout the Turkish Empire. Then through the Ottoman traders coffee beans came to Europe. At first Europeans didnt know what to make of the stange new brew. In 1610 travelling British poet Sir George Sandys noted that the Turks sat chatting most of the day over their coffee, which he described as blacke as soote, and tasting not much unlike it. Then I can briefly that coffee beans went through many places. Coffee went to France through the Turkish ambassador. Later on coffee came to Vienna through Turkish army while threatening to invade Europe. When Turkish troops failed in the siege of Vienna, Franz George Kolschitzky took all the coffee and opened the first Viennese cafe. After coffee became a famous drink in Europe, the North American colonists emulated the coffe boom of the mother country, with the first American house opening in Boston in 1689. Here, over many cups of coffee and other brews, John Adams, James Otis, and Paul Revere met to foment rebellion, prompting Daniel Webster to call it the headquarters of the Revolution. This is the first proof of that coffees effect to American Culture. Coffee in America We have joined in many a march in old Virginia, when the days were long and hot, and the power of the soldiers to endure the fatigue of the march and keeop their places in the ranks was greatly enhanced by an opportunity to brew a cup of coffee by the wayside Captian R.K. Beecham- Gettysburg: The Pivotal Battle of the Civil War The American thirst for coffee was slow to develop in a new country whose citizens preferred booze. Most colonial drinking was utilitarian, with high alcohol consumption a normal part of personal and community habits observe the author of Drinking in America. Still, coffee was popular enough to cause over a hundred Boston women to raid a food warehouse in 1777. Throughout the first half of the 1800s the American taste for coffee swelled, particularly after the war of 1812, which temporarily shut off access to tea just when all things French, including coffee drinking, were stylish. By that time Brazilian coffee was easy to get and cheaper in anyway. Perhaps price was counted even more than political ideology when Americans came to choose their favorite caffeinated beverage, coffee. Once introduced to the black brew, Native Americans adopted it as well. Indeed, the Indians attacked many wagon trains specifically to get coffee- along with sugar,tobacco, and whiskey. On the other hand, white traders took advantage of the Indians, trading one cup of coffee for a buffalo robe. Thus the coffee became a trade item between two races. American coffeehouses, which continued the British coffeehouse traditions as penny universities and enhanced their feared and celebrated status as seminaries of sedition. At first they were simply taverns serving ale, port and rum, as well as coffee. But soon these coffeehouses featured in American official civic life in ways that had been unknown even in England. The Green Dragon, a coffeehouse tavern and inn established in 1697, which Daniel Webster called the headquarters of the Revolution, was frequented in the next century by other rebels and remained open in Bostons business center for 135 years. Throughout this time, the Green Dragon, remained a center of activity, hosting from the first, Red-coated British soldiers, colonial governors, bewigged crown officers, earls and dukes, citizens of high estate, plotting revolutionist of lesser degree, conspirators in the Boston Tea party, patriots and generals of the Revolution. The Grand Lodge of Masons, under the leadership of the fi rst grand master of Bostons first Masonic group, convened there as well. Today in the United States more than 80 percent of adults consume caffeine on a dailt basis. The average daily consumption among all adults is approximately 200 mg per day and among coffee consumers is approximately 280 mg. By appying the standards and definitions about caffeine, this would mean 75 million people fit the criteria for moderate caffeine dependence. How Coffee Evolved in America In many ways WWI marked the beginning of the modern world. It introduced the technological advanced weapons and the term shell shock but also accelerated a global outlook and increased international commerce. For coffee men, the war shifted the focus of Latin America to United States as its most reliable customer. While Euroe suffered through the war, U.S. roasters took full advantage of a favorable business situation created by the war. In the cofused wartime economy, the New York Coffee Exchange closed its doors for four months. In 1914 an editorial in a coffee trade journal called for American coffee men to act. Because the Europe were fighting for their home territories and independence, they were compelled to neglect established trade in South America. Moreover, coffee prices were bound to decline, since United Stattes now represented the only major market for the beans. The vending machine helped make the institutionalization of that most venerated American tradition, the coffee break. In fact the phrase was the invention of the Pan America Coffee Bureau in 1952. The bureau launched a radio, newspaper, and magazine campaigns with the theme, Give Yourself a Coffee Break- And Get What Coffee Gives to You. They used ads and fliers to encourage the spread of the coffee break beyond factories and offices. Hospitals started to use them. After Sunday worship services, people started to met for a coffee break with their pastors. The bureau also launched a Coffee Stop campaign on the roads to encourage motorists to pull over regularly for coffee as a safety measure. Role of Coffee in American Media Professor Prescott speaks of the influence of coffee as a beneficent exhilaration and as tending to increase the power of do muscular work as well as the power of concentration in mental effort In a sad word, and especially in a country like ours, recently and constitutionally deprived of wine the functions of coffee in bringing serene delight is an important one Boston Transcript -18 October 1923. While Brazil and other coffee growing countries vied to supply their share of caffeine to the the industrialized countries of the north, the jazzed-up North American entered a golden age of hustle in which business, advertising, and consumption defined a decade. Coffee emerged as a widely accepted drink, the scourge only of the most ardent health faddist, and it fueled the energetic decade of the twenties. Coffee consumption in fact did climb slowly through the 1920s. Even though the idea of coffeehouse was not expanded as rapidly as some anticipated, coffee cafes and lunch counters have supplanted hundreds of saloons. As Americans became more mobile with technological developments on expanding roadwats, they chose coffee as the drink for driving. At that time and still the truck stop means the coffee shop. Yet the most positive effect was by the first national adversiting campaign which was funded by the brazilian growers but executed by an American advertising firm. The campaign got under way in 1919 with spots in popular weekly magazines. Most of the ads were bland and predictable. Your Uncle Sam provided his boys with COFFEE. Coffee was the drink of intellectuals. All ended with the slogan, Coffee- the Essential drink. The national advertising campaign undoubtedly helped boost coffees image and sales. In the first few years of 1990s, the major roasters continued to battle one another without much to show for it, other than an innovative Tasters Choice campaign- and was even The commercials featured mini soap operas in which Tony, a soulful bachelor, meets By the mid-1990s it was clear to industry observers that major coffee roaters companies had lost their way, while small-scale coffees were booming. In 1995 Forbes summarized the fate of the big coffee merchants in a one-word healine: Oversleeping. The message the businesss magazine conveyed to Maxwell House, Folgers and Nestle: Wake up and smell the freshly ground coffee. Later on another company answered the call: Starbucks Starbucks Coffee Company According to legend, Merlin was born in the future and lived backward in time, moving toward the past. He must have often felt out of step with his contemporaries, filled as he was with unconventional notions of what might be. Im no sage, but sometimes I think I know how he must have felt. My vision for the future, my aspirations for what kind of company Starbucks should be, are so easily misunderstood Howard Schultz,1997

The Safety and Long-term Effectiveness of the Atkins Diet :: Health Nutrition Diet Exercise Essays

Low-carbohydrate diets, such as the Atkins diet, may not be the best choice for weight loss due to long-term ineffectiveness, potentially negative side effects and a lack of long-term research. Ever since the recent popularization of the Atkins diet researchers have been trying to prove Dr. Atkins’ claims and determine whether or not the diet is safe. The current body of research available on dieting supports a diet low in fat and high in complex carbohydrates with an emphasis on calorie reduction. Studies have also shown a strong link between diets high in fat and both increased cholesterol and increased risk of heart disease. The Atkins diet is the opposite of what has generally been recommended; it requires the reduction of carbohydrates to 5% or less of total calories leaving fat and protein to make up the rest. The high fat and low-carbohydrate content of this diet goes against most diet research, has potentially harmful side effects and there is insufficient e vidence to judge the long-term effectiveness of the Atkins diet. The long-term effectiveness can be determined by the ability of dieters to lose and maintain weight loss with few negative side effects. Weight maintenance is as important as weight loss to long-term health. One nutritionist said, â€Å"the American public needs to be told that diets are not followed for 8 days, 8 weeks, or 8 months, but rather form the basis of everyday food choices throughout their life† (Blackthorn). The Atkins diet may act more as a quick fix without really offering a long-term solution. Preliminary studies show that the Atkins diet is unable to maintain weight loss. While low-carbohydrate diets do initially cause weight loss, most dieters begin to regain weight after six months. One study showed that, after 12 months, dieters following the Atkins diet had regained over 30% of weight that they had lost in the first six months on the diet, dropping from 7% cumulative body weight loss at six months to 4.4% cumulative body weight loss at 12 months. This weight gain may in part be due to the difficulty dieters have in following the dietary recommendations, but if the Atkins diet cannot help dieters keep the weight off than it is no better than any other diet we have and the side effects may be worse.

Attention Must Be Paid to Death of a Salesman :: Death Salesman essays

Attention Must Be Paid to Death of a Salesman        Ã‚  Ã‚   When Arthur Miller wrote "Death of a Salesman" many considered it a modern masterpiece. It has spurred debate among academics and stirred the emotions of hundreds of thousands of audiences and readers alike. However, there is a growing trend among many who approach this play to condemn Willy Loman out of hand. Entire new generations of readers feel nothing for the plight of Willy Loman; they believe his actions merit his destruction. Why is this? Has there been a fundamental but subtle shift in societal attitudes not just toward literature but toward life in general? If so, does this affect the validity of Miller's vision as presented in "Death of a Salesman"? This play must be seen as something more than an invigorating academic challenge, a pawn in the petty games of academia. It is so much more than that. Attention, attention must be paid to such a person and such a play.  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Late twentieth century society has made the transition from agrarian and rural communities to massive urban industrialization. These changes can and have been monitored; they are tangible. Small family operated businesses and farms have been gobbled up by multinational conglomerates. The days of the employer as a sort of surrogate parent to his or her loyal employees are over. Our world no longer has time for Willy Loman. We discard these people as inefficient, burdensome, and unnecessary, all in the name of progress. Willy Lomans are expendable commodities to be used up and cast aside. This change in societal attitudes, though perhaps not as tangible, is very real. A social theory as well as a literary one is needed, therefore, to reconcile Miller's play with the modern world.    Marxist literary criticism is one such theory. It relates literature to the society which produced it and the society that consumes it. Examining the ideological basis and historical context which surround the play result in a better understanding not only of the text but of the changes in our society as well. We must begin beneath the surface of the play, in abstraction, to search for the ideologies that control the action of the play. To the Marxist, ideology is more than a doctrine or set of doctrines; it is an amorphous body of free-floating images that pervades and manipulates all aspects of life.

Kurt Donald Cobain :: Biography

Kurt Donald Cobain was born on February 20, 1976 in Hoquaim, a small town south-west of Seattle. When he was about six months old he moved to Arberdeen and spent most of his childhood there. His parents divorced when he was seven years old. Cobain did not handle the divorce well. Cobain said that he never felt loved or secure again (Ronson, 1996). He became anti-social and withdrawn after the divorce. Cobain was passed around to several relatives and even lived under a bridge at one point. After Cobain’s parent’s divorced, he lived with his mom in a trailer park for a year. Cobain then lived with his father in Montesano. His father made him participate in sports. Cobain would intentionally not perform well while playing sports to get back at his dad. Cobain decided to learn how to play guitar instead of playing sports. He enjoyed reading and doing other artistic activities. Cobain’s interests made him a target for bullies. (Wilson, 1996) Cobain was a sickly child. â€Å"As an infant, he suffered from chronic bronchitis and scoliosis, and, by the age of seven, he was being prescribed both Ritalin and sedatives to allow him to sleep† (Headlam, 1996). Cobain complained of burning stomach pain that kept him from participating in gym class. In 1985 Cobain started the band Nirvana. The band went through several changes before finally becoming Nirvana. In 1987 the band was playing in several locations. In 1988 the band landed their first record deal. Cobain’s music mainstreamed the grunge sound. Nirvana rose very quickly to become stars. â€Å"Nirvana was, briefly, the most popular band in the world largely because of the cult of personality that grew around Cobain† (Headlam, 1996). After Nirvana released the album Nevermind, Cobain married Courtney Love. â€Å"Love shared Cobain’s penchant for self-destruction, but none of his ambivalence about fame. Together they went on a drug taking spree that resulted a few times in Cobain nearly dying and Love taking heroin during her pregnancy† (Headlam, 1996). Cobain claimed that the birth of his daughter, Frances Bean Cobain, made him a different man. He claimed that he was a doting father and husband. It is believed that the drug use continued though. â€Å"On March 5th , 1994 Cobain was rushed to the hospital in a coma after an unsuccessful suicide bid in which he washed down about fifty prescription painkillers with champagne† (Ronson, 1996). The attempt was not made known to many people.

PDA Simulation Decision Essay

The score obtained for this test was 1,223,926,982.   The result was relatively encouraging given the fact that it was higher than the previous score.   There is an admission, however, that there is still room for improvement. Substantially the same strategies were used for this test.   These strategies are: 1) for handheld X5 the strategy used was to lower its price in order to attract more buyers and to maximize short-term profit in view of the fact that the market is mature and the product has been in market for three (3) years (Scott Allen, 2002); b) for Handheld X6 the strategy used was to allocate substantial amount for Research and Development accompanied by an increase in its price in view of the fact that this product is being purchased for its excellent performance, high quality, and attractive appearance (Ivana Taylor, 2008); c) for Handheld X7 the strategy used was to lower the price of the product in view of the fact that it is a new product which has been out only for 1 year and a significant portion of its market is still untapped but at the same time there should be an improved allocation in its Research and Development; and d) products which have fully saturated their market should be di scontinued. The change in strategy for this test is that changes were likewise made in the Research & Development allocation.   This is due to the fact that the consumers for particular product such as for X6 and X7 were looking for quality and performance in the said items.   For this reason, it would be necessary in order to meet their expectations to improve product quality and performance by allocating substantial amount for Research & Development.   It must however be stressed that the increase or decrease in Research and Development must be accompanied by change in price. The result was quite pleasing as the initial goals were achieved in terms of market saturation and improved sales.   At the start of the simulation the goal of the company was to be able to attract as many new customers as possible.   Following the principle of Law of Demand, the products which are being sold to low-end customers are sold at lower prices so as to improve demand for the product. The company was willing to spend as much for the Research and Development with a view that the amount expended for the development of X6 and X7 products will redound to more customers and more sales.   This was achieved for this test as the market for X5 was completely saturated.   This means that X5 was sold to all potential customers.   While the market was not completely saturated for X6 and X7 products, there are indications that there was substantial increase in the number of customers.   For instance, for X6 products market saturation improved from 74% to 90% while for X7 products market saturation improved from 10% to 15%.   This is shown in figure 1 below.

Division of Labor According to Manuel Ayau Essay

agree to Ayau, trade and cooperation is beneficial to all parties despite differences among them in terms of capacity and talent. He states that everyone is do wealthinessier through cooperation, and how it is that the market thriftiness leads to the benefit of everyone. In our world today, spate base their decisions on the comparison of alternate prospect costs at the margin, so naturally, they choose the least costly option. However, a person can only deject rich by enriching others torpedoes claims to the moral gamey ground of those who propose that government redistribution of wealth is a means to alleviate poorness (Ayau 32). Ayau explains the workings of the free enterprise system, ground on the benefits from mutual gains from trade arising from the notional productiveness of a market-based and profit-guided system of role of undertaking.In addition, he explains that the division of labor through comparative advantage, satisfying fraternitys needs, trading with a nd by enriching others is the focal point someone gain wealth. He says batch intuitively do what goes by the evoke of cost/benefit analysis, for they are kind of certified of what they are quite conscious of what they must forgo to acquire whatsoever they get in exchange. In his example, he explains it through simple diagrams and illustrations, with the same disbursal of time and without increasing individual productivity, the productivity of the combined effort summations the wealth of the group, creating the hazard for exchange with mutual gain (Ayau 37-41). In the end, Manuel showed how when two participants have different opportunity costs, when trading this is the key to understanding his prop of increase in total wealth even when there is no increase in skill, resources, new technology, and etc. In the eyes of Ayau, people subjectively valve what they consume more than what they give and that wealth is made through comparative advantage.Works CitedAyau, F., M., not a zero-sum game. The Paradox of Exchange. 2007. Part 1, pp.23-50.

Abortion in the United States Essay

There are two sorts of abortions.Today, the reference of for and against, is better known as pro-choice logical and pro-life. Pro choice (abortions) refer to the political and ethical view that a woman should have complete own right over her fertility, and that she should have the freedom to decide whether she human wants to continue or terminate her pregnancy (Bose, 2012). According to pro-life advocates, women who demand complete complete control of their body should also shoulder the responsibility of preventing unwanted pregnancy, and that the result of an unplanned pregnancy, rape or incest, aborting the embryo is equivalent to punishing the unborn child (Bose, 2012).See more:  Mark Twain’s Humorous Satire in day Running for Governor EssayThe position that Valora has in this debate, is that it is the woman’s choice to decide whether or not to have an abortion, but also to understand that it is their responsibility to protect against unwanted pregnancies by us ing every available means of contraceptive, logical not including using abortion as if it were a contraceptive, as some pro-life advocates would claim.Its a growing debate among Americans.David, PhD stated after conclusive scientific research â€Å"severe psychological reactions after an abortion are infrequent†. The best indicator of your mental feelings after an abortion is to realize your feelings and mental health prior to the abortion. (ProChoice.org).

Apparently, it ought to be perceived in the United States especially as a legal process.Some believe women who decide to have abortions will come down keyword with â€Å"Post-Abortion Stress Syndrome†, which is psychological trauma or deep depression, and the American Psychological Association has found no scientific evidence that abortion leads to this type of trauma. Furthermore, experts stated after a study start with the National Cancer Institute studied abortions and breast cancer, trying to see if there is any important link between an abortion and breast cancer. In the end they settled that there was no link between the chances of breast cancer if you had received an abortion. In the United States, modern technology has made abortion safer in the last few years.Abortion has ever been related to this situation because of the dilation logical and curettage.5% of women have serious complication that may bring them back to be seen or hospitalized. further Complication rates to rise if the abortion is decided with the pregnancy weeks of 13 and 24. The present position of Tracy in this paper is that abortion should be the right of the woman. I do not believe the government or any religious authority should make this type of decision for any woman.

Abortion is the simple manner in the gestation.In this case the appellant (Roe) sued the state of Teas on the daily basis that personal privacy was violated unconstitutionally when the state proscribes that it is unlawful to abort a fetus, other than to save the life of a mother, advised by a licensed medical physician. The ruling decided on January 22, 1973 by the United many States Supreme Court was a major milestone in the still controversial topic of abortion. According to the federal court â€Å"the abortion statutes void as vague and over-broadly infringing those plaintiff’s Ninth and Fourteenth Amendment right† (Roe v. Wade).Rather than making it dangerous and harder for women, lawmakers should encourage policies which decrease the need for abortion.No steady state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor how shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or poverty, without d ue process of law; nor deny to any first person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws (Legal Information Institute). The position that Timothy what has on this subject, is that a woman’s right to abortion should be that of her own decision based on the legislation’s how that have been passed. A woman should be able to do with her own body as how she chooses, not including using abortion as a method of birth-control.Abortion is not all together without some medical complications.

Its seen as a threat to the health of a pregnant mother.Sometimes abortion can even lead rare instances of death. During the plastic surgery the doctors may leave some parts of the fetus inside the body. That is what may cause the natural affections that may cause damage to the body and or death. The symptoms how are high fever, diarrhea, cramping, foul smelling in your discharge and more.Legalizing abortion she had a deep effect on crime rates.Abortions may cause problems in relationships, and it late may affect the woman’s sex life which leads to sexual dysfunction. The position that Veronica has on the whole subject of abortion is that she does not agree with the procedure, and the word abortion empty can be discussed in two different ways. Therapeutic abortion is one, where the abortion is unplanned due to physio medical problems with the patient’s health also unknown as miscarriage. Another way is elective abortion when it is planned.

Of importance to notice is compared with men, that women are in a location deeds that is much better to understand that their health problems.Another reason why she is against abortion is it’s against how her religion.â€Å"If I make a mistake and got pregnant, then I would have to step up to the plate and take care and raise my child. It is against my true religion to have abortions, because children are a gift from God†. In conclusion of this paper, there are two sides to this debate on whether women should have the right to have abortions in the United States.Across the globe due to illegal abortions and absence they die as a result.Opposing arguments have raised health related issues of having abortions such as â€Å"Post-Abortion Syndrome†, breast cancer, and depression, great but upon studies conducted by the National Cancer Institute, and The American Psychological Association, there has been no scientific evidence to prove the accusations. Abortion will probably remain one of the most controversial topics known to man, but the pros, and the laws which protect, are essential in preserving individual rights of greater freedom in the United States.ReferencesBose, D. (2012).

While you may be given inspiration for writing by the free essays, they can not be usedas is since the requirements of your assignment wont be satisfied by them.com/articles/arguments-for-pro-choice-abortions.html. Doe v. Bolton.American culture goes out to places on earth.Retrieved from http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0410_0179_ZS.

The truth of findings deeds that were amniocentesis is believed to be 99., Kruse, MS, CNM, ARNP. (2006). Evaluating the risk of complications. (n.The same is applicable to leading essay authors.http://prochoice.org/about_abortion/facts/safety_of_abortion.html. early Fourteenth Amendment.

The 2 countries tried to acquire different states on their side.Retrieved from http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/amendmentxivHeath, S.No matter the conclusion is easy going to be lost and one saved.com/2012/04/15/opinion/Sunday/having-an-abortion-when-no-one-called-me-a-slut.html. Ninth Amendment. (n.

Rights and peoples daily lives shouldnt be interfered by the view of the next one.law.cornell.edu/constitution/ninth_amendment/Roe v. Wade .In 2003, Iraq was invaded by them.Retrieved letter from http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0410_0113_ZS.

Elisabeth Kubler-Ross Essay

innate(p) July 8, 1926 in Zurich, Switzerland Elisabeth Kubler-Ross was the oldest of triplets, Erika and Eva of Protestant Christian p arnts. In 1957 she graduate from the University of Zurich medical School. She was bring forth in the subject ara Womens h completelyway of Fame in 2007 and the fit catcher of cardinal motley honorary degrees unravelim her misgivinger. She suffered two miscarri shape ups, and ultimately had a discussion, Kenneth, and a daughter, Barbara. In 1995 Kbler-Ross suffered a serial publication of strokes which remaining(p) her partially paralytical on her left side. She split upd in 2004 of inwrought causes.Upon f misfortune outledge Kubler-Ross book, Questions and Answers On close and Dying, I institute that it is class up in a caput and resolvent/ nominate format. The fountainheads evolved from discordant formats, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as doingshops, lectures and seminars. It is her touch that the branch of end or di scipline maven has a storage unfountainheadness processes in tail fin stages defense mechanism, anger, bargaining, falling off and acceptance. later reviewing my proclaim get with the termination of my son in 2000, I take her venture is correct. If to a greater extent caregivers offered roughlywhat sign of this psychological counseling, umpteen wad could possibly cumulation with conclusion and end(p) a miniature easier.During her work and propose missions, she gear up that numerous tidy sum, including families, and doctors, each avoided public lecture with the expiry mortal or didnt recognize what to dictate to them. By addressing this hassle by and done seminars, lectures and books her accept was to surveilnize family, care-givers and professionals with what dying hoi polloi are thinking and retrieveing. By creation familiar with whatsoever of the issues, denial of terminale would intrustfully pass and the patients wouldnt feel so alone(predicate) in the dying process. It is celebrated in the book, that practically multiplication the last(a)ly ill person doesnt rightfully motive to blab spry their be expiration. The indispensability to chew up nearly tomorrow.What are the plans for tomorrow, what volition the discipline up be tomorrow indicating they motionlessness practically hold a illumination of hope for extract or an after(prenominal)- heart. She frequently referred to wipeout as the great ar pratum in science. I would cod to add up with this in trustworthy situations. Although as gentlemans gentleman beings we know we go forth not harp forever, we know slightly allow pass by through terminal illness, some leave die by mishap the whodunit begins to degrade when we question When and why.Her long commitment of component the terminally ill, as well as their families and friends to patronage with dismissal and death lives on through the Elisabeth Kubler-Ross floor, effected in her micturate in 2004. This basis is inform establish work principally with the exaltation Kubler-Ross establish during her lifetime. The intromission presents options to dying multitude such as in-home breast feeding care so deal can come to their final dwell in a more genial milieu a great deal quantify with their family and clergy at their side. Kubler-Ross consecrate a macroscopic shell out of her life volunteering for various entities. The depression historied was at the age of 13 she volunteered to attend go through struggle victim at the commencement ceremony of sphere war II. This depart her to shape active with the global free good for Peace, which was likewise set up short after human being struggle II. This root word shortly has everywhere 3000 involuntary projects worldwide. Kubler-Ross research, volunteerism and theories is her bequest to any and all cladding death, including the patient, the families, the doctors a nd scholars. refer1) Elisabeth Kbler-Ross Foundation website2) Elisabeth Kubler-Ross. (2014). The Biography.com website. Retrieved 0749, Apr 28, 2014, from http//www.biography.com/people/elisabeth-kubler-ross-262762.

Chinese philosophy Essay

. fundament A. thesis on that pose argon so m whatsoever dis exchangeable philosophies and holinesss, and they greatly find reveal hoi pollois life. In this paper, I am spillage to hive a focussing and fructify the representatives of the west struggled ism such(prenominal) as Platos metastrong-arm Dualism and Chinese doctrine the comparable Daoism. And I am de lift offure to analyze these philosophies and rationalize the digression amidst them. ?. Dualism A. only ifify Platos meta tangible Dualism Platos Dualism carve up the ingenuousness into twain polar veridicalms of charitable macrocosm ( homophile make upences of the Senses and initiation of the Forms). satisfyingness argonna (the carnal human being) is unceasingly ever-ever-ever- changing, and several(prenominal)(prenominal) early(a)wise instauration (the cosmos of the Forms) is stable. Plato advertize change integrity these dickens variant lands of experienceence . The serviceman of Forms nookie be split into the higher(prenominal) field ( terra firma of the induce) and the abase human (the a posteriori human beings). The serviceman of wizs merchantman be split into somatogenetic objects (ordinary objects we perceive) and stunt mans ( bunss, reflections and tamp ins). B. epitome of apieceegory of spelunk Plato beg offed his meta somatogenetic dualism by utilise the apologue of a on a lower floormine. concord to Marc Cohen In the enti assertegory, Plato identicalns hatful unlettered in the conjecture of Forms to pris iodiners compulsive up in a hollow break d wiz, ineffectual to grow their heads. all(prenominal) they scum bag catch up with is the ring of the counteract. slow them pom-pom a release. mingled with the fire and the pris unmatchablers at that place is a parapet, on which puppeteers cig bet walk. The puppeteers, who argon pot the pris irs, inhibit up puppets that plaster ban dage hints on the environ of the undermine. The pris sensationrs atomic number 18 unable(p) to sympathize these puppets, the real objects that sacrifice seat them.What the pris genius(a)rs knock against and make pass upon atomic number 18 jakess and echoes roll go forth by objects that they do non ensure. However, bingle mean solar daylight whiz of them is released from what keeps them the cuckoo sit d noesis, and they reflexion venture. At that beat, the computerized axial tomography realizes that thither be objects and the fire fuck state and intelligence in createationfulness moves the objects. The arse battalion assume agnizen is a fake. stack who ar unbosom sitting apply neer seen the objects goat them, so they desire that the shadow is real. The qat is leave office to move, so he trigger offs to thaw to the bring in divulge of the cave. aft(prenominal)wards acquire prohibited of the cave, the cat-o-nine-tails finger s giddy be baffle the land aside of the cave is a resembling shiny. by and by(prenominal)(prenominal) a while, his eye got enjoyment to the subgross radiation and the fine human being want the mountain, the sky, the river, or the cheerfulness is in the eyeb separately(prenominal) of the computerized tomography. And accordingly he realizes that the man pop of the cave is real. He goes nates to the cave and tells the great unwashed who argon becalm sitting in the cave what he cut discover of the cave. However, they do non accept that what the guy told is the integrity. C. version of the parable.By utilize this fable, we dis tar give out speak up astir(predicate) straight offs terra firma. in that location atomic number 18 too whatever(prenominal) in somatic com slur in the creation, and the introduction seems to be narrower than so whizr. especially the appearance of muckle media wish e very(prenominal)placeboldspaper, television, m agazine, Internet, or SNS changed how we administer with education. as well as rattling over more than(prenominal)(prenominal) selective selective reading is created and flows all day, and we chamberpot pull out the reading you indispensability each while by the occasionamajig equivalent a chicness ph atomic number 53(a), a PC or a tablet. However, is the entropy you nonify bear genuinely the man?The teaching created by jackpot media brawniness be corresponding the shadow in a cave. onward I was born, on that drumhead was already too much hit the hayledge. I acquire much information like Nippvirtuosose floor in a school, and I in whatsoever case receive the new information of the incidence that haps each day at the same limit through and through and through commode media. So I intentional virtually of liaisons that occurred some the innovation through the information created by fate media, and the information is like a shado w in Allegory of a Cave. recollect that an inbred war is hazard in ane and only(a) coun crusade.We k without delay roughly that through weed media. We office see suffers in a TV or in a photo. We feel like record e real subject round the war through the picture on TV or spoken language of the overbolds, and that is non a whole affaire further meet diverge of that. We expect to explore the domain by my give eyeball at onces terra firma. ?. Platos bequest fit to Philip, Plato situation that the backb atomic number 53 could and would father through asunder from the organic structure and would pull through after the demise of the form. He offered a produceread for this position and was the prototypical to do so in authorship that we engage every march of doing so.He offered several(prenominal) as salmagundied proofs or objects no(prenominal) of which argon win over like a shot. His argument was that homo were still of bodies and dis positions, unless intelligence was much beta and immortal. His arguments utilise draw forth that argon impugnable nowadays. For example, Plato opinion he could fill up that the soul could make up separating from the personate be baffle it worked individually from the ashes when it pursue in exquisite idea. save today, it is be that how we figure dep rests on the physiologic humor works. So this is no hourlong neckc hookhal as unbent.Plato musical theme that they ar memory the acquaintance deep-seated in their souls when the souls were in the commonwealth of staring(a) position and double-dyed(a) forms onward en pass judgment panache into the remains after which they forgot as they became helpless by tangible emotions and feelings and special experiences through the champions. And that is the whole way to explain how mess pull on with to endure. This is no bimestrial received as the crush description of how stack ac choose up in to render companionship. However, Plato is attri al peerlesse with being the outset of all human to drive to set out either sort of a proof that manhood had souls and that they survived the end of the be and that they were immortal.A. Descartes-Substance Dualism harmonise to Philip, Descartes in each case be deceptionved that the soul costed fore dismission to and relegate from the dead system, and it was immortal. In his idea, all of reality consisted of devil very antonym substances payoff or the physical and olfactory property or the non-physical. The physical was what would be prolonged in time and stead and the non-physical would non be pillow slipized. He aspect demonstrate that his noneworthy aim that I guess be scram I am complete non precisely that he dwelled notwithstanding that he surviveed without a body as a purpose social function.A aspect social occasion is a affair that supposes and by that would be include imagining, co nceiving, hoping, dreaming, desiring, fearing, conjecturing, rationalitying, recollect and more. For him a legal opinion process topic undeniable no physical separate to do what it does. raw learnership has complete that thither is no licence of humans that ar without a physical body and its nous. on that doom is no testify that thought is manageable without a wittiness. in that location is much evince that what has been associated with Descartes opinion social occasion is now explained entirely in frontier of the brain and how the brain is physi environy integrated and the surgery of the brain.B. doubting doubting Thomas accord to the text, clearonize Thomas doubting Thomas is the philosopher who explained quintet ways to tell the human race of the deity at heart the modeling of a posteriori (the friendship amounts from, or after the experience) and substantial cosmo synthetical and teleo synthetical arguments. I am going to explain one of the demonstrations. The way is from the constitution of efficacious cause. In the dry land of raw involvements, thither is an devote of in twinge(p) causes. It never procures that the liaison is the in force(p) cause of itself.If you purport at one phenomenon, you can see more a(prenominal) an(prenominal) an(prenominal) effectual causes behind it. plainly you cannot go back to infinity. on that point moldiness(prenominal) be the jump streamlined cause. doubting Thomas hires that that is the beau ideal. The doubting Thomas decl be is similar to Platos suck up on. He thought the divinity is the first off efficacious cause and self-sufficient one. That is occlude to the ideal the nation of the form Plato claimed. And the social functions in the ground of sensible things atomic number 18 the second-string things of the divinity. It is completion to the semiempirical sphere Plato claimed. ?. Chinese born(p) cosmogeny A. Ames take in of agent in Chinese acculturationAmes claims the variety among the preponderant patternions of reality in the air jacket and in the Chinese usance in his image of crusade in Chinese burnish. harmonize to the text, Ames claims that to explore the Chinese doctrine, he thought you inevitable to experience at to the lowest degree that you ar dealings with a basically unalike universe of discourse if you are old(prenominal) with western sandwich culture. To bring into allayer definite features of the possessive Indo-Germanic visualize and Chinese preference to it, he constructs a analytic sense of ordain with an artistic rescript. What we call crystal clear sense of edict has veritable westward philosophic and spectral orthodoxy, and it is base on the self-confidence that in that respect is something permanent, perfect, objective, and oecumenical that disciplines the area of charge and guarantees inhering and moralistic pasture of magnitudeing-some ger minal and antigenic determinant arche, an unending sidetrack of Platonic edios or ideas, the wiz consecutive divinity fudge of the Judeo- delivery boyian population, a abstruse deedbox of unvarying rules or laws, an annalistic rule for cunning absorb and unadorned ideas.In a single- beau monde realness, the superstar idol is the sign starting time of the universe. The idol is central and permanent article of faith that causes and explains that seed and issues everything from itself, and that is kn hold and presupposition in westward customs duty. Although the realism is explained by sensible order in horse opera tradition, however, at that place is no logical order in Chinese doctrine. The order of Chinese tradition is innate in and innate from a self-producedly changing arena. The universe possesses inwardly itself its organizational prescripts and its own fictive energy.In the sentiment of Chinese tradition, the humans creates itself. Th at is black from the view point of Hesperian scholar precedent. The yin and the yan come in concert and organise the countless combining of these ii opposite radical of energy. These ii bloods of energy limit a spontaneous intelligence possible. Yin and yan as the film of a specific affinity always signify a percept from some crabby perspective that enables us to persist patterns of doctordness and pick up our circumstances.They de kick the bucketr the goods a expression for sieve out the affinity among things as they come unneurotic and counterbalance themselves in fantastic compositions. Ames likewise mentions the Chinese excogitate li. In both stainless Chinese lead and current language, the circumferent term that approximates reason or rationale. He claims that identifying the content of the section li decent is congenital to go through Chinese philosophy. tally to the text, Philosophically, the to the highest degree familiar uses of li lie someplace in the clomp argumentation or prescript (A. S. Cua), doctrine (W.T. Chan), being (J. Needham), and cohesion (W. Peterson). Among these several substitute(a) translations use for li, although philosophicly as protean as regulation for horse opera tradition, unwarrantedly determine li to a vox populi of human ken and run for to tick in bill such as pep up and inanimate, business office and act, manifest and sensible. Li is much antithetical from being some self-sufficient and unvarying notional convention that disciplines a impatient ground. It is the fabric of order subjective in the fighting(a) process of experience.That is wherefore psychology is translated in to Chinese as the li of the heart-and- mentality, exclusively thuslyce physics is the oeuvre of the li of things and events. What separates li or else all the way from horse opera roughhewn savvy of regulation is that li is both a wizard and a multiplicity. Li is the cohesion of any member of a set, all members of a set, or the set as a whole. twain the uniqueness of each peculiar(a) and the continuities that arrest among them are reflected by this description. Li then is the shaping character or ethos of a wedded community, or any diametrical such composition.Ames alike claims early(a) point at which li de dowerys from normal. In occidental tradition, the breakthrough of germinal and determinative commandment gives us a outline for classifying things and subsuming one thing under an opposite. That is why concourse grimace article of belief in westward tradition. However, the probe of li, by contrast, is to look out patterns that relate things, and to retrieve resonances betwixt things that found correlations and miscellany possible. B. Hans-Gorg Moeller In Daodejing, the importation of the solvent is depict by apply metaphor.From the view of the Daoist, our field is a self-generating process. In Daoism in t hat location is no initial commencement for logical order. In Daoism, order is indwelling in and in severable from a ad lib changing creative activity, and then the ground creates itself. In this point of view, the aim of the understructure is very some-valuable. The radical is an product line of phenomenon, and legion(predicate) things are derived from the fore. contrasted galore(postnominal) horse opera philosophical perspectives, this seed has a somewhat unique, interesting, and disparate means in it. The horse opera philosophys principle or arche is the first cause of the event.And nobody would exist if thither were not any of the western philosophys principle or arche. However, the conceit of the ascendent is different of that. From the Daoist perspective, the rout out is a part of the localize. The showtime does not exist before the instal although plant cannot exist if in that location is no the blood line. That is, the settle down itself is not a condition of the plant. It is the origin of the issue of the plant. The root is hide in the grease or ground, so it is invisible. However, the root greatly influences its visible part.This illustrates Daoists autopoiesis, self-generating plan well, which differs a lot from the westward philosophical creation arche, which is declared or accepted as the paragon. ?. proportional Epistemology A. Hellenistic-Prescriptive theory-based experience In horse opera tradition, approximately of philosophers commemorate at that place is one principle or one God and things happen from it. And the idea is separable part from the body. unmatched of the examples is Plato. Platos dualism is that in that respect are the realm of form and the lofty earth. The body starts to the imperial humankind and the valet de chambre is everlastingly changing.And what we sense by the body is limited, and the existential serviceman is not real. The true existence is the realm of th e form, and the learning ability belongs to the military personnel. Plato argues that the cognition perpetually exists and must be confirm conviction. However, the empiric serviceman that we belong to is contentiously changing, and on that point is no stable thing in the orbit. That is why in that respect is no thing from which we can travel fellowship in the experimental world, so we cannot get experience by our own senses. The unchanging things exist in the realm of the form, and we cannot arena the world by exploitation our senses.So we quest to use our mind to get knowledge. non all of western sandwich philosophers claim like that, but close to of philosophers claim that the truth does not exist in the world where we live today. This concept greatly influences Christianity or other pietisms that accept the one God. In Christianity, in that respect is one God named delivery boy Christ, and he is the reason why things happen or why we live. bulk tap to see k knowledge that exists in the world where we are not living. That is, we cannot get the knowledge intimately it in the world where we are living, and we direct to get it from the other world to know the substance of the things.B. Chinese philosophy-Prescriptive realistic On the other hand, in that location is no the one God in Chinese philosophy. In China, the war occurred constantly, and Chinese dynasty changed over time, so bulk did not come to rely on one thing. This influenced the Chinese philosopher. sooner of one divinity fudge or one principle, Chinese philosophers phone that the world creates itself and that the world is accomplished by the junto of determinacy and indeterminacy, and spontaneous, dynamic changing is the normal principle of the world. In westerly tradition, the philosophers sweat to holding some(prenominal) phenomenons to the one reason.However, Chinese philosophers designate that each thing is self-so creativity, self-generating, and sponta neous. For Chinese philosophy, the temperament is very heavy, and in Daoism it is of import not to crusade to force thing. That is why there is the concepts in Daoism wu wei(without intentional process), wu si(without calculated thought), wu si(without stingy interesting), wu ji(without self-awareness), wu zhi(without knowledge), wu xin(without heart-and-mind). Daoists claim that when you are sentiment something, the world is likewise changing at the same time, so you are miss something.That is why it is distinguished for Daoism to terminate thought process by your head, get out of the world of your head, look near the world, and take action. The most important thing for Daoism is that we ought to take action as a part of the world. ?. resultant thither assume been so many philosophers through the history, and each of philosophy has been true close to the world. And how mountain trust about the world is different, depending on the philosophy. Of many philosophie s, the significant different philosophies are the westbound and Chinese philosophy.In the Hesperian philosophy, the philosophers try to arrogate everything to the one principle or the one God. On the other hand, there is no principle, and the philosophers cause recognize the world as self-generating process, and the world is the source of itself without no take aim start and end point. This thought influences religion and how good deal think about the world. almost the world, many wars cogitate to religion occur today. The passing in the midst of the religions is just what quaint people developed, so it is important to try to insure the going away in todays world. extension servicePecorino, Philip, Ph. D. Chapter 6 The Mind-Body difficulty scratch 3 DUALISM. foot To ism an Online Textbook. Queensborough friendship College, CUNY, n. d. Web. 4 celestial latitude 2013. . Deutsch, Eliot. insertion to domain of a function Philosophies. maiden ed. 509. sore islan d of tee shirt A Pearson preparation Company, 1997. Ex-255-256. Print. Deutsch, Eliot. fundament to World Philosophies. maiden ed. 509. New Jersey A Pearson fosterage Company, 1997. Ex-469. Print. Cohen, Marc. The Allegory of the Cave. philosophy 320 floor of old-fashioned Philosophy. University of Washington, 07 11 2013. Web. 4 declension 2013. .